由于…，因此／所以…
because of… / due to…, so…
Structure
由于 + 原因 ，因此／所以 + 结果 · 由于 + 名词 ，……
What it means
由于 means “because (of), due to” and 因此 means “so, therefore”. They are more formal versions of 因为 and 所以, met in news, notices and writing.
How it is built
由于 + cause，因此／所以 + result. 由于 takes a whole clause or just a noun: 由于天气原因，飞机晚到了一个小时 (because of the weather, the plane was an hour late).
When to use it
In conversation 因为……所以…… (h2-9) is more natural. Pair 由于 with 因此 or 所以; in careful writing, 因为 pairs with 所以 rather than 因此. 因此 can also stand alone: 他每天练习，因此进步很快.
Watch out
Unlike 因为, 由于 goes at the start, not after the result: ✗ 我没去，由于下雨了。 ✓ 由于下雨，我没去。
Examples
由于天气原因，飞机晚到了一个小时。
Because of the weather, the plane was an hour late.
由于很多工厂搬走了，北京的空气明显好了。
Because many factories moved away, Beijing’s air is clearly better.
他每天练习，因此进步很快。
He practises every day, so he’s improving fast.
Learn this in HSK 3 · Lesson 10: 空气越来越好 (Clearing the air)
A dialogue, a reading, word cards with audio and a drill that uses it, in Learn Chinese with Bao. The first lessons of every level are free.
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