较…下降…
to rise or fall by … compared with …
Structure
数据 较／比 基准 上升／下降／增长／减少 幅度 · 同比／环比 增长／下降 幅度
What it means
To rise or fall by a given amount compared with a baseline: the core frame of data reporting.
How it is built
Figure + 较 + baseline + 上升／下降／增长／减少 + amount: 销量较去年下降了20% (Sales fell 20% compared with last year).
When to use it
较 is the written 比. 同比 is year on year; 环比 is against the previous period: 今年一季度出口同比增长5%. 一成 is 10%; 翻一番 is “doubled”. Standard in news, reports and statistics.
Watch out
了 and 到 change the meaning: 下降了20% = fell by 20%; 下降到20% = fell to 20%. 同比 and 环比 already contain the baseline: ✗ 较同比增长 ✓ 同比增长5%.
Examples
北京PM2.5的年均浓度较2013年下降了约六成。
Beijing’s average PM2.5 was about sixty per cent lower than in 2013.
今年一季度出口同比增长5%。
First-quarter exports grew 5% year on year.
Learn this in Lesson 105 · HSK 7–9: 蓝天与“双碳” (Blue skies and carbon goals)
A dialogue, a reading, word cards with audio and a drill that uses it, in Learn Chinese with Bao. The first lessons of every level are free.
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